UNIST Researchers Enhance Iron-Chromium Flow Battery Durability

South Korean researchers have significantly extended the operational life of iron-chromium flow batteries, crucial for large-scale, safe energy storage. This development addresses a key challenge in integrating intermittent renewable sources like solar and wind power into the grid. The team, led by Professor Hyun-Wook Lee at UNIST, identified a performance degradation mechanism linked to hexacyanochromate in the battery's electrolyte. They adjusted the electrolyte composition to prevent capacity loss during repeated charging and discharging cycles. This work, published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition, also involved collaborators from KAIST and the University of Texas at Austin. The batteries utilize water-based electrolytes, improving safety compared to systems using volatile chemicals. Electrolyte volume can be adjusted to scale storage capacity. Professor Lee stated the research shows potential for developing durable, high-performance flow batteries with affordable iron-chromium materials. This offers a cost-effective alternative to vanadium-based systems, which are closer to market. The technology is particularly relevant for nations with substantial renewable energy generation aiming for scalable storage solutions.